Sharad P. Kale
Sharad P. Kale | |
---|---|
Kale in 2024 | |
Nationality | Indian |
Occupation | Scientist |
Employer | Bhabha Atomic Research Centre |
Known for | Environmental activism |
Honours | Padma Shri |
Sharad P Kale is a scientist known for developing a biogas plant based on biodegradable waste resource (Nisargruna).[1] He is the head of Technology Transfer and Collaboration at Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC). On 26 January 2013, the Government of India honoured him with the Padma Shri Award in the Discipline of Science and Engineering.[2]
Nisargruna
Nisargruna is a biogas technology that uses biodegradable waste as an input and produces biogas as an output. The Nisargruna plant can process a variety of biodegradable wastes such as kitchen waste, grass, gobar (animal dung), dry leaves, animal carcasses, effluent sludge from textile manufacture, etc.[3]
The Nisargruna process is unique as it uses a combination of aerobic and anaerobic processes. In the first phase the biodegradable input (also called feedstock) is mixed with recycled water to form a slurry. This slurry enters a pre-digester tank where it undergoes an exothermic reaction that increases its temperature. In the second phase, this mixture enters the anaerobic digestion (AD) tank where methanogenesis takes place and methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) are formed. [4]
While traditional AD plants yield a biogas with methane content of 55–65%, the Nisargruna plant with its two-phase process yields a biogas with methane content of 70–80%. The higher concentration of methane in the biogas means that it is a higher grade fuel. [5]
In addition to generating biogas, which may be used as a cooking or heating fuel, the Nisargruna plant also produces a weedless organic manure slurry. This slurry has a C:N (carbon to nitrogen) ratio of 12:1 to 16:1 and is a good organic soil conditioner. [6]
An independent study of a 0.5 TPD (tonnes per day) capacity Nisargruna plant conducted in 2015 showed that the plant had a payback period of less than three years.[7]
The Technology Transfer and Collaboration Department at BARC owns the intellectual property for the Nisargruna plant and has licensed it to over 50 companies (As of September 2015[update]) that may deploy it for their customers.[8]
References
- ^ "NISARGRUNA Biogas plant Based on Biodegradable waste resource". BARC. Retrieved 16 March 2014.
- ^ "BARC Scientist Honoured" (PDF). Retrieved 16 March 2014.
- ^ "NISARGRUNA Biogas plant:Based on Biodegradable waste resource". barc.gov.in. Retrieved 5 April 2019.
- ^ "Swachh Bharat: Nisargruna Biogas Plant Summary" (PDF).
- ^ Prasad, R. (18 October 2012). "Efficient way to turn waste into resource". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 5 April 2019.
- ^ "Swachh Bharat: Nisargruna Biogas Plant Summary" (PDF).
- ^ "International Journal of Advanced Research and Innovation: Economic Analysis of the Nisargruna Based Bio-Methanation Plant" (PDF).
- ^ "BARC Technology Licensees" (PDF).
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- Kshitish Ranjan Chakravorty (1954)
- Habib Rahman (1955)
- Laxman Mahadeo Chitale (1957)
- Ram Prakash Gehlote (1957)
- Krishnaswami Ramiah (1957)
- Bal Raj Nijhawan (1958)
- Benjamin Peary Pal (1958)
- Navalpakkam Parthasarthy (1958)
- Surendranath Kar (1959)
- Om Prakash Mathur (1959)
- Homi Sethna (1959)
- Anil Kumar Das (1960)
- A. S. Rao (1960)
- M. G. K. Menon (1961)
- Brahm Prakash (1961)
- Man Mohan Suri (1961)
- Paramananda Acharya (1964)
- Vishnu Madav Ghatage (1965)
- Satish Dhawan (1966)
- Maganbhai Ramchhodbhai Patel (1967)
- Hermenegild Santapau (1967)
- M. S. Swaminathan (1967)
- Guduru Venkatachalam (1967)
- Raja Ramanna (1968)
- Nautam Bhatt (1969)
- Amrik Singh Cheema (1969)
- T. V. Mahalingam (1969)
- P. R. Pisharoty (1970)
- Moti Lal Dhar (1971)
- Zafar Futehally (1971)
- Devendra Lal (1971)
- Charles Correa (1972)
- N. Kesava Panikkar (1973)
- Govind Swarup (1973)
- Achyut Kanvinde (1974)
- Suchitra Mitra (1974)
- C. N. R. Rao (1974)
- Sitaram Rao Valluri (1974)
- Rajagopala Chidambaram (1975)
- Shambhu Dayal Sinvhal (1976)
- B. R. Deodhar (1976)
- B. V. Doshi (1976)
- Atmaram Bhairav Joshi (1976)
- Janaki Ammal (1977)
- Jugal Kishore Choudhury (1977)
- Prafulla Kumar Jena (1977)
- Vishwa Gopal Jhingran (1977)
- Sibte Hasan Zaidi (1977)
- Hari Krishan Jain (1981)
- Gurcharan Singh Kalkat (1981)
- Dinkar Gangadhar Kelkar (1981)
- Krishnaswamy Kasturirangan (1982)
- Satya Prakash (1982)
- V. Narayana Rao (1982)
- Saroj Raj Choudhury (1983)
- Hassan Nasiem Siddiquie (1983)
- María Renée Cura (1984)
- Vasant Gowarikar (1984)
- Pramod Kale (1984)
- Nilamber Pant (1984)
- Myneni Hariprasada Rao (1984)
- M. R. Srinivasan (1984)
- Predhiman Krishan Kaw (1985)
- P. V. S. Rao (1987)
- Ramadas P. Shenoy (1987)
- Saroj Ghose (1989)
- Palle Rama Rao (1989)
- Ram Narain Agarwal (1990)
- Laurie Baker (1990)
- M. R. Kurup (1990)
- Rakesh Bakshi (1991)
- B. L. Deekshatulu (1991)
- Narinder Kumar Gupta (1991)
- Shri Krishna Joshi (1991)
- Raghunath Anant Mashelkar (1991)
- Govindarajan Padmanaban (1991)
- Bangalore Puttaiya Radhakrishna (1991)
- A. V. Rama Rao (1991)
- Ganeshan Venkataraman (1991)
- Madhava Ashish (1992)
- G. S. Venkataraman (1992)
- Kailash Sankhala (1992)
- Vinod Prakash Sharma (1992)
- Joseph Allen Stein (1992)
- Manmohan Attavar (1998)
- Priyambada Mohanty Hejmadi (1998)
- Anil Kakodkar (1998)
- Aditya Narayan Purohit (1998)
- V. K. Saraswat (1998)
- Asis Datta (1999)
- Indira Nath (1999)
- M. S. Ramakumar (1999)
- M. V. Rao (1999)
- S. K. Sikka (1999)
- Vijay P. Bhatkar (2000)
- D. D. Bhawalkar (2000)
- Gurdev Khush (2000)
- Parasu Ram Mishra (2000)
- Sandip Kumar Basu (2001)
- Bisweswar Bhattacharjee (2001)
- V. K. Chaturvedi (2001)
- Ketayun Ardeshir Dinshaw (2001)
- Prem Shanker Goel (2001)
- Goverdhan Mehta (2001)
- C. G. Krishnadas Nair (2001)
- M. S. Raghunathan (2001)
- Sanjaya Rajaram (2001)
- T. V. Ramakrishnan (2001)
- Thirumalachari Ramasami (2001)
- Dasika Durga Prasada Rao (2001)
- Paul Ratnasamy (2001)
- Ashoke Sen (2001)
- Bikash Sinha (2001)
- Suhas Pandurang Sukhatme (2001)
- A. S. Arya (2002)
- Narayanaswamy Balakrishnan (2002)
- Padmanabhan Balaram (2002)
- Dorairajan Balasubramanian (2002)
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- Katuru Narayana (2002)
- A. Sivathanu Pillai (2002)
- I. V. Subba Rao (2002)
- B. N. Suresh (2002)
- Asok Kumar Barua (2003)
- Shivram Bhoje (2003)
- Jai Bhagwan Chaudhary (2003)
- Sarvagya Singh Katiyar (2003)
- Gyan Chandra Mishra (2003)
- Jai Pal Mittal (2003)
- Sundaram Ramakrishnan (2003)
- Baburao Govindrao Shirke (2003)
- Mahendra Singh Sodha (2003)
- Nagarajan Vedachalam (2003)
- Satish Kumar Kaura (2004)
- Nalini Ranjan Mohanty (2004)
- T. S. Prahlad (2004)
- Vishweshwaraiah Prakash (2004)
- K. N. Shankara (2004)
- Lalji Singh (2004)
- Rajpal Singh Sirohi (2004)
- M. Vijayan (2004)
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- Srikumar Banerjee (2005)
- Banwari Lal Chouksey (2005)
- Bhagavatula Dattaguru (2005)
- Vasudevan Gnana Gandhi (2005)
- Madhu Sudan Kanungo (2005)
- M. Mahadevappa (2005)
- Ramachandran Balasubramanian (2006)
- Harsh Gupta (2006)
- Seyed E. Hasnain (2006)
- Narendra Kumar (2006)
- B. V. Nimbkar (2006)
- Swaminathan Sivaram (2006)
- Thekkethil Kochandy Alex (2007)
- Rabi Narayan Bastia (2007)
- Dilip K. Biswas (2007)
- Ananda Mohan Chakrabarty (2007)
- Kiran Karnik (2007)
- Thanu Padmanabhan (2007)
- Baldev Raj (2007)
- Sudhir Kumar Sopory (2007)
- Khadg Singh Valdiya (2007)
- Kasturi Lal Chopra (2008)
- Joseph H. Hulse (2008)
- Bhavarlal Jain (2008)
- Kaleem Ullah Khan (2008)
- Sant Singh Virmani (2008)
- Pramod Tandon (2009)
- Goriparthi Narasimha Raju Yadav (2009)
- Vijay Prasad Dimri (2010)
- Pucadyil Ittoop John (2010)
- Palpu Pushpangadan (2010)
- M. R. S. Rao (2010)
- Vijayalakshmi Ravindranath (2010)
- Ponisseril Somasundaran (2010)
- M. Annamalai (2011)
- Moni Lal Bhoumik (2011)
- Coimbatore Narayana Rao Raghavendran (2011)
- Suman Sahai (2011)
- G. Shankar (2011)
- E. A. Siddiq (2011)
- Subra Suresh (2011)
- V. Adimurthy (2012)
- Rameshwar Nath Koul Bamezai (2012)
- Krishna Lal Chadha (2012)
- Virander Singh Chauhan (2012)
- Y. S. Rajan (2012)
- Jagadish Shukla (2012)
- Vijaypal Singh (2012)
- Lokesh Kumar Singhal (2012)
- Manindra Agrawal (2013)
- Mustansir Barma (2013)
- Avinash Chander (2013)
- Sanjay Govind Dhande (2013)
- Jayaraman Gowrishankar (2013)
- Sharad P. Kale (2013)
- Sankar Kumar Pal (2013)
- Deepak B. Phatak (2013)
- Mudundi Ramakrishna Raju (2013)
- Ajay K. Sood (2013)
- K. VijayRaghavan (2013)
- Sekhar Basu (2014)
- Madhavan Chandradathan (2014)
- Jayanta Kumar Ghosh (2014)
- Ravi Grover (2014)
- Ramakrishna V. Hosur (2014)
- E. D. Jemmis (2014)
- A. S. Kiran Kumar (2014)
- Ajay Kumar Parida (2014)
- M. Y. S. Prasad (2014)
- Brahma Singh (2014)
- Vinod K. Singh (2014)
- Govindan Sundararajan (2014)
- Subbiah Arunan (2015)
- Jacques Blamont (2015)
- N. Prabhakar (2015)
- Prahlada (2015)
- S. K. Shivakumar (2015)
- Mylswamy Annadurai (2016)
- Dipankar Chatterji (2016)
- Satish Kumar (2016)
- Onkar Nath Srivastava (2016)
- Veena Tandon (2016)
- G. D. Yadav (2016)
- Jitendra Nath Goswami (2017)
- Chintakindi Mallesham (2017)
- Amitava Roy (2018)
- Vikram Chandra Thakur (2018)
- Rajagopalan Vasudevan (2018)
- Manas Bihari Verma (2018)
- Uddhab Bharali (2019)
- Baldev Singh Dhillon (2019)
- Rohini Godbole (2019)
- Subhash Kak (2019)
- Raman Gangakhedkar (2020)
- Sujoy K. Guha (2020)
- K. S. Manilal (2020)
- Vashishtha Narayan Singh (2020)
- Thalappil Pradeep (2020)
- H. C. Verma (2020)
- Sudhir K. Jain (2020)
- Rattan Lal (2021)
- Subbanna Ayyappan (2022)
- Sanghamitra Bandyopadhyay (2022)
- Aditya Prasad Dash (2022)
- Moti Lal Madan (2022)
- Anil K. Rajvanshi (2022)
- Ajay Kumar Sonkar (2022)
- Jyantkumar Maganlal Vyas (2022)
- Khadar Valli Dudekula (2023)
- Modadugu Vijay Gupta (2023)
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